沈陽衡器/電子(zi)地磅如何防雷(lei)(lei)擊呢？首先我們應先了(le)解地磅遭(zao)雷(lei)(lei)襲(xi)擊的原理：

　　雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)一種(zhong)自然(ran)界(jie)常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)現象，它具(ju)有極大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞(huai)(huai)力(li)。自然(ran)界(jie)中(zhong)常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)主要(yao)有直擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)擊(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)(LEMP)和球形雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)三(san)種(zhong)。當直擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)對(dui)地(di)放電(dian)(dian)時，在(zai)8μs左右(you)達到峰值，并在(zai)40μs內(nei)完(wan)全泄(xie)放，因此(ci)，直擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)流具(ju)有幅值極高、頻率極高、沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)力(li)極強等特點，在(zai)地(di)網中(zhong)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)位差會損(sun)壞(huai)(huai)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)設(she)備(bei)，甚至直接危(wei)及(ji)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生命;雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)擊(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)(LEMP)是(shi)指因直擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路(雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)流引入)和場(chang)(空(kong)間電(dian)(dian)磁場(chang))效應，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)氣和電(dian)(dian)子設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞(huai)(huai)。故：雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)壞(huai)(huai)，90%以上是(shi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)擊(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)；球形雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)是(shi)一種(zhong)特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)球體，極不常見(jian)，還(huan)處(chu)于研究(jiu)中(zhong)。因此(ci)，主要(yao)是(shi)直擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)、雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)擊(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)作(zuo)用在(zai)電(dian)(dian)子衡器(qi)上造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)不同程度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)壞(huai)(huai)。

　　大多數情況下，由于傳感(gan)器(qi)彈性(xing)體(ti)與(yu)秤(cheng)臺是處(chu)于電氣(qi)連(lian)通狀態的(de)，而傳感(gan)器(qi)的(de)彈性(xing)體(ti)與(yu)電子電路之(zhi)間耐壓(ya)極限只有1KV到(dao)1.5KV，傳感(gan)器(qi)彈性(xing)體(ti)上感(gan)應(ying)的(de)高電壓(ya)會將傳感(gan)器(qi)的(de)應(ying)變片和其后的(de)相應(ying)電路擊穿，這(zhe)就是大型(xing)電子衡(heng)器(qi)經常因(yin)(yin)遭(zao)受(shou)雷擊而損壞的(de)最主要的(de)原因(yin)(yin)。

　　當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)衡器遭(zao)受雷擊(ji)時，有(you)強(qiang)大的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通過傳感器的(de)(de)彈性體，此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流產(chan)生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)場強(qiang)度足以破壞(huai)傳感器內部(bu)應變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，進而(er)(er)波及到與其相連的(de)(de)二次(ci)儀表及計算機系(xi)統(tong)。這也(ye)(ye)是大型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)衡器容易(yi)遭(zao)雷擊(ji)而(er)(er)損壞(huai)的(de)(de)原因(yin)之一;架空(kong)的(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)也(ye)(ye)極易(yi)遭(zao)受雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)襲擊(ji)，所以架空(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)也(ye)(ye)是大型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)衡器易(yi)遭(zao)雷擊(ji)而(er)(er)損壞(huai)的(de)(de)原因(yin)之一。總之，凡(fan)是與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)衡器系(xi)統(tong)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路連接(jie)或信號聯(lian)系(xi)的(de)(de)地方，都有(you)可能引入雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)襲擊(ji)而(er)(er)產(chan)生浪涌電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，造成衡器系(xi)統(tong)損壞(huai)

　　了解(jie)了電子(zi)磅(bang)秤(cheng)/電子(zi)衡(heng)器(qi)遭雷襲擊的原理，接下來(lai)為您(nin)介(jie)紹電子(zi)磅(bang)秤(cheng)的防雷技術。

　　電(dian)子(zi)衡(heng)(heng)器防(fang)(fang)(fang)雷技術(shu)是(shi)一個復雜(za)的(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統，要(yao)求在(zai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)雷的(de)(de)同時電(dian)子(zi)衡(heng)(heng)器的(de)(de)計量性(xing)能(neng)不(bu)變(bian)，不(bu)能(neng)影響衡(heng)(heng)器的(de)(de)正常使用，這(zhe)既是(shi)電(dian)子(zi)衡(heng)(heng)器防(fang)(fang)(fang)雷的(de)(de)關鍵、特色之處，也(ye)是(shi)設(she)計的(de)(de)難(nan)點，我(wo)們按照現代防(fang)(fang)(fang)雷技術(shu)的(de)(de)要(yao)求，建立(li)“綜(zong)合(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)、系(xi)統防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)、逐級(ji)限壓”的(de)(de)全面防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)感念(nian)，做到：方案優化、技術(shu)合(he)理、經濟有效、安(an)全可靠(kao)，此外還要(yao)考(kao)慮秤(cheng)體(ti)結(jie)構的(de)(de)特殊(shu)性(xing)，具體(ti)的(de)(de)安(an)裝位置等把雷電(dian)災害降低到最(zui)低水平。

　1、對(dui)(dui)傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、二(er)次儀表(biao)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)子衡(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)整體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)各個部(bu)分，作特殊的(de)(de)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)位防雷(lei)(lei)保護。等電(dian)(dian)(dian)位保護是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子衡(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)核心和根本(ben)。雷(lei)(lei)擊時(shi)，在強大的(de)(de)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流瀉入大地(di)的(de)(de)瞬間，由于(yu)接地(di)線(xian)存(cun)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻和電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)，因(yin)此整體(ti)(ti)衡(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)對(dui)(dui)地(di)可(ke)產生幾(ji)萬甚至(zhi)幾(ji)十(shi)萬伏的(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位，此電(dian)(dian)(dian)位對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子衡(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)各個部(bu)分甚至(zhi)整體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)都是(shi)(shi)毀滅性的(de)(de)。本(ben)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)對(dui)(dui)整體(ti)(ti)衡(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)各部(bu)位(傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、儀表(biao)和計算機)的(de)(de)各種(zhong)接口(kou)均做相應的(de)(de)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)位保護，使整體(ti)(ti)衡(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)基礎電(dian)(dian)(dian)位隨地(di)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位的(de)(de)變(bian)化而變(bian)化，這就避免了(le)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流產生的(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子衡(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)造成的(de)(de)破壞(huai)。

　　2、切斷傳感器與秤臺的連接通道，另外提(ti)供電流的泄(xie)放通道。

只(zhi)做等(deng)電位(wei)保護還不夠(gou)，還必須切(qie)斷(duan)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器與(yu)秤(cheng)臺的電氣連(lian)接。將(jiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器輸(shu)出端(duan)加分流裝置，與(yu)秤(cheng)體(ti)連(lian)接接地，當有雷(lei)電流時(shi)，通過傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器分流裝置，使得(de)雷(lei)電流不經過傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器瀉入大地，從而避免了雷(lei)電流產生(sheng)的電磁場(chang)對傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器的破(po)壞。

　　3、供電(dian)系統做多(duo)級防(fang)雷保護(hu)。

　　對二次儀表及計(ji)算機系(xi)統的供電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統采用多級防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)保護，進行等電(dian)(dian)位連接，然后將接到接地極。電(dian)(dian)子衡器系(xi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)統采用三級防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)保護，第一級電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)模塊安(an)裝在(zai)系(xi)統供電(dian)(dian)開關后，第二級電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)模塊安(an)裝在(zai)穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)前，第三級電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)模塊安(an)裝在(zai)設備前，此外三級防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)保護做到共地，并與秤體共地，做到等電(dian)(dian)位。

　　4、在(zai)秤臺(tai)(tai)周圍(wei)(包括秤臺(tai)(tai)基礎(chu))構建防雷接地網(接地井)。

　　在秤(cheng)臺周圍(wei)構(gou)建(jian)包括基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)在內(nei)(nei)的(de)防雷(lei)接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)網(接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)井)，整(zheng)個(ge)系統在秤(cheng)臺附近接(jie)單接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)極。這樣(yang)，整(zheng)體衡器(qi)系統只(zhi)有(you)一個(ge)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)電(dian)位，并與室內(nei)(nei)設備(bei)等電(dian)位連接(jie)器(qi)及(ji)房屋接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)相(xiang)連接(jie)，做到(dao)共地(di)(di)(di)，當發生(sheng)雷(lei)擊時，此電(dian)位就(jiu)會隨著接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)點的(de)電(dian)位起(qi)伏(fu)而變化，確保整(zheng)體電(dian)子衡器(qi)系統安然無恙。